High definition has meant 1080p (1,920 by 1,080) resolution for
years now, and it's ready for an upgrade. That's where ultra
high-definition, or UHD, television comes in. You might have heard it
called 4K. It's technically UHD according to the Consumer Electronics Association,
but the two terms have become interchangeable. And now those terms
finally matter a lot to your HDTV buying decisions, since 4K is finally a
mature, accessible technology.
What Is 4K?A UHD or 4K display is one with at
least 8 million active pixels. For televisions, that resolution has
standardized to 3,840 by 2,160. Digital cinema 4K (the resolution in 4K
movie theaters) is slightly higher at 4,096 by 2,160. However you define
it, it's four times the number of pixels on a 1080p display, and over
23 times the resolution of standard definition television.
How Is 4K Different Than 1080p?For starters, 4K
is obviously much sharper than 1080p. In the space that a 1080p HDTV
holds a pixel, a 4K HDTV of the same size can hold four. That makes for a
significant jump in clarity, assuming you have native 4K source
material to watch in that resolution.
Because the resolution is much higher, it requires more bandwidth to
transmit. The HDMI 2.0 standard was developed to support 4K, and allows
2160p video to be displayed at 60 frames per second. Older HDMI
standards could work with a 4K source to some extent, but not reliably
or at that framerate. You can also stream 4K video over the Internet,
which similarly requires a very fast connection; Netflix recommends a
steady 25Mbps downstream speed to watch 4K content over its service.
If you don't have a 4K source video, a 4K HDTV can still make your
movies and shows look better. All 4K televisions use some kind of
upconverter to display 1080p and lower resolution video. These
upconverters do more than just break each pixel into four identical
pixels; they employ edge smoothing and noise reduction algorithms to
produce, ideally, a sharper picture. When it works well, you get video
that looks natural on a 4K screen (though it doesn't add any actual new
details, just sharper lines and more even color and light). When it
doesn't, the picture can look a bit blotchy, like a painting.

While some regular viewers struggle to see the difference between
1080p and 720p in smaller television sizes, it's much more obvious on
50-inch and larger TVs. 4K is another significant jump in terms of
clarity and detail, especially as people are becoming more and more used
to the incredibly tiny pixels displayed by today's Retina-style HD
screens on mobile gadgets. This is a major factor for large HDTVs as
well, since 55 inches has become a low boundary for just how big a big
screen can get.
What 4K HDTVs Are Out There Now?4K HDTVs have
been hitting the market for a few years now, and have finally become
both affordable and functional. 4K no longer has the pricing premium of
early adoption, and you can get a good-performing 4K HDTV for about the
same price as a mid-to-high-end 1080p HDTV last year.
Vizio's M65-C1
$1,754.99 at Amazon stands
out as an Editors' Choice with surprisingly good picture quality and a
big 65-inch screen for a reasonable price. If you want to go smaller,
Sharp's 50-inch LC-50UB30U
$697.99 at Dell can be found for even less. You can still go all-out if you want a flagship HDTV and are willing to spend big bucks; LG's 65EF9500
$4,999.99 at Dell 4K OLED television and Samsung's UN65JU7500FXZA
$2,134.35 at WalMart deliver fantastic image quality, but both cost a pretty penny.
The availability of such a broad range of 4K HDTVs indicates that the
market has matured past the point of early adopters and technophiles,
to suit a wide range of buyers looking for the best new tech.
Is There Even Any 4K Content You Can Watch on an HDTV?Thanks
to Amazon and Netflix, there's a surprising amount of 4K content you
can watch if you have a fast-enough Internet connection. 4K has gone
past the eye candy landscapes and tech demo phase that early HD content
went through, and now you can find plenty of television and movies in
the format, like
Breaking Bad,
Daredevil, and
Jessica Jones.
Both services are steadily adding more 4K content, and if that isn't
enough, YouTube supports 4K video for anyone from studios to GoPro
users.
Blu-ray will bring you 4K in the
future, as well. The Ultra HD Blu-ray standard lets studios release
movies in 4K on Blu-ray discs, though they're more advanced Blu-ray
discs than the 1080p-capable ones you're used to. You'll need a UHD
Blu-ray-compatible player, and you'll have to buy new Blu-rays in that
format when they start coming out next year, but they'll offer another
way to get commercial 4K video easily.
Bottom Line: Do You Need 4K?You probably don't need 4K quite yet, but now is a good time to consider upgrading to a 4K HDTV anyway.
The technology has become standardized enough that you can be
reasonably sure a 4K television you purchase now will be ready for the
future (just make sure it has HDMI 2.0 ports), and it's affordable
enough to be compared directly with 1080p televisions in price.